Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Treatments
Pharmacological treatments
There are several pharmacological treatments available for bipolar disorder manic
focusing on stabilizing mood, managing negative symptoms, and preventing future episodes
(Baldessarini et al., 2019). An example of such treatments is the use of mood stabilizers such
as Valproate and Lithium to help stabilize mood and prevent relapses (Baldessarini et al.,
2019). Antipsychotics such as Risperidone and Aripiprazole are also effective for use among
patients with bipolar disorder (Baldessarini et al., 2019). Furthermore, antidepressants such as
fluoxetine, Zoloft and bupropion are effective in addressing bipolar disorder symptoms
(Baldessarini et al., 2019).
Nonpharmacological treatments
The first nonpharmacological treatment available for people with bipolar disorder is
the use of psychotherapy. Therapy helps bipolar patients to better understand the diagnosis
and develop coping mechanisms. For instance, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps
individuals to change their thought patterns, manage symptoms, and prevent relapse
(Levenberg & Cordner, 2022). Also, the use of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy
(IPSRT) among people with bipolar disorder helps to regulate sleep, and eating patterns, and
maintain a regular routine (Levenberg & Cordner, 2022). Additionally, family-focused
therapy (FFT) helps to improve the quality of communication between bipolar disorder
patients and their families (Levenberg & Cordner, 2022). Besides, there are certain lifestyle
modifications that are recommended for bipolar disorder patients, including regular physical
exercise, maintaining sleep hygiene, nutrition, and mindfulness techniques to enhance the
management of stress (Levenberg & Cordner, 2022). Other nonpharmacological treatments
Nonpharmacological Treatments for Bipolar Disorder
Nonpharmacological treatments include:
- Art therapy
- Music therapy
- Light therapy
- Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Community Resources and Referrals
Many community resources help those with bipolar disorder.
- Peer support groups offer emotional support.
- Patients can share and learn from each other.
- Hotlines and emergency response teams assist during manic crises.
- Educational programs help patients and families manage symptoms.
- Mental health clinics provide medication management, counseling, and social support. APA
